Prostate Cancer

Contents
  1. T (Primary tumor)
  2. N (Locoregional lymph-nodes)
  3. Μ (Metastases)
  4. Nomograms for prostate cancer

 

Staging of prostate cancer

Τ (Primary tumor)

Τx The main tumor cannot be assessed.
T0 There is no indication of existence of tumor
T1 Clinically latent tumor, not palpable or visible on the imaging studies
T1a Random histological finding after prostatectomy to 5% or less of the tumor that was removed
T1b Random histological finding after prostatectomy to more than 5% of the tumor that was removed
T1c Diagnosis of the tumor after needle biopsy (e.g. because of increased PSA)
T2 Tumor localized in the prostate gland 1
T2a The tumor occupies the half or less of one lobe
T2b The tumor occupies more than half of one lobe but not both lobes
T2c The tumor occupies both lobes
T3 The tumor extends beyond the prostatic capsule 2
T3a Extracapsular expansion (unilateral or bilateral)
T3b The tumor invades the seminal vesicles (either one of them or both)
T4 The tumor is confined or invades other adjacent structures (other than the seminal vesicles) bladder neck, external sphincter, rectum, levator ani muscle or the pelvic floor

 

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Ν (locoregional lymph-nodes) 3

Nx The locoregional lymph nodes can not be assessed.
N0 Absence of no metastasis to the locoregional lymph-nodes.
N1 Metastasis to the locoregional lymph-nodes.

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Μ (metastases)4

Mx The distal metastases cannot be assessed.
M0 Absence of distal metastases
M1 Distal metastases
M1a to the non-locoregional lymph-nodes
M1b to the bones
M1c other localizations

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1 Τumor localized in one or two lobes with prostate biopsy but is neither palpable nor visible in imaging screening, is classified as T1c

2 The infiltration of the prostatic apex or capsule (but not beyond) is not classified as T2, and not as T3

3 Metastasis not larger in size than 0,2cm can be characterized as pN1mi

4 When there are more than one metastasis, the more advanced category is used

Nomograms for prostate cancer

Name

 

Special features

The classic tables that opened the way for the creation and acceptance of nomograms in prostate cancer

What does it calculate?

Based on PSA, Gleason Score and clinical stage, it calculates the probability of the following:  Organ Confined Disease, Extraprostatic Extension, Seminal Vesicle Invasion and Lymph Node Invasion

Creator

Partin AW

First publication

Partin AW, Yoo J, Carter HB, Pearson JD, Chan DW, Epstein JI and Walsh PC: The use of prostate specific antigen, clinical stage and Gleason score to predict pathological stage in men with localized prostate cancer. J Urol 150: 110-4, 1993.

References

746

Institution / name

 

Link

http://urology.jhu.edu/prostate/partintables.php

ISUD Evaluation

***

Name

 

Special features

The classic tables that opened the way for the creation and acceptance of nomograms in prostate cancer

What does it calculate?

Based on PSA, Gleason Score and clinical stage, it calculates the probability of the following: Organ Confined Disease, Extraprostatic Extension, Seminal Vesicle Invasion and Lymph Node Invasion

Creator

Partin AW

First publication

Partin AW; Kattan MW; Subong ENP; et al.Title: Combination of prostate-specific antigen, clinical stage, and gleason score to predict pathological stage of localized prostate cancer - A multi-institutional update JAMA 1997; 277(18): 1445-1451

References

1087

Institution / name

 

Link

http://urology.jhu.edu/prostate/partintables.php

ISUD Evaluation

***

 

Name

 

Special features

The classic tables that opened the way for the creation and acceptance of nomograms in prostate cancer

What does it calculate?

Based on PSA, Gleason Score and clinical stage, it calculates the probability of the following: Organ Confined Disease, Extraprostatic Extension, Seminal Vesicle Invasion and Lymph Node Invasion

Creator

Partin AW

First publication

Partin AW, Mangold LA, Lamm DM, Walsh PC, Epstein JI and Pearson JD: Contemporary update of prostate cancer staging nomograms (Partin Tables) for the new millennium. Urology. 58: 843-8, 2001

References

476

Institution / name

 

Link

http://urology.jhu.edu/prostate/partintables.php

ISUD Evaluation

***

 

Name

 

Special features

The Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial Prostate Cancer Risk Calculator (PCPTRC) was developed on the basis of 5519 men of the placebo group of the Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial They all had PSA lower/equal to 3.0 ng/ml and were followed for seven years with PSA and digital prostate examination (DPE) per year. For PSA> 4.0 ng/ml or suspicious DPE, a biopsy was performed

What does it calculate?

The estimated risk of prostate cancer on biopsy and the risk of having cancer of high-grade of malignancy 

Creator

The Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial Prostate Cancer Risk Calculator (PCPTRC)

First publication

Thompson IM, Ankerst DP, Chi C, Goodman PJ, Tangen CM, Lucia MS, Feng Z, Parnes HL, Coltman CA Jr. Assessing prostate cancer risk: Results from the Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial, Journal of the National Cancer Institute 98: 529-534, 2006.

References

257

Institution / name

 

Link

http://deb.uthscsa.edu/URORiskCalc/Pages/uroriskcalc.jsp

ISUD Evaluation

**

 

Name

 

Special features

The tables calculate the result of each patient based on the treatment offered

What does it calculate?

 

It calculates the probability of biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy at 2, 5, 7 and 10

 

 

Creator

Kattan

First publication

Stephenson AJ, Scardino PT, Eastham JA, Bianco FJ Jr, Dotan ZA, DiBlasio CJ, Reuther A, Klein EA, Kattan MW. Postoperative nomogram predicting the 10-year probability of prostate cancer recurrence after radical prostatectomy. J Clin Oncol. 2005; 23(28): 7005-12.

References

157

Institution / name

 

Link

http://nomograms.mskcc.org/Prostate/index.aspx

ISUD Evaluation

***

 

Name

 

Special features

The tables calculate the result of each patient based on the treatment offered

What does it calculate?

 

It calculates the probability of biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy at 2, 5, 7 and 10

 

 

Creator

Kattan

First publication

Kattan MW, Wheeler TM, Scardino PT. Postoperative Nomogram for Disease Recurrence after Radical Prostatectomy for Prostate Cancer. Journal of Clinical Oncology 1999; 17: 1499-1507

References

363

Institution / name

 

Link

http://nomograms.mskcc.org/Prostate/index.aspx

ISUD Evaluation

***

 

Name

 

Special features

The tables calculate the result of each patient based on the treatment offered

What does it calculate?

It calculates in patients with recurrence radical prostatectomy the probability of successful treatment with salvage radiotherapy (PSA undetectable at 6 years after radiotherapy)

Creator

Kattan

First publication

Stephenson AJ, Scardino PT, Kattan MW, Pisansky TM, Slawin KM, Klein EA, Anscher MS, Michalski JM, Sandler HM, Lin DW, Forman JD, Zelefsky MJ, Kestin LL, Roehrborn CG, Catton CN, DeWeese TL, Liauw SL, Valicenti RK, Kuban DA, Pollack A. Predicting the outcome of salvage radiation therapy for recurrent prostate cancer after radical prostatectomy. J Clin Oncol. 2007 20; 25(15): 2035-41

References

155

Institution / name

 

Link

http://nomograms.mskcc.org/Prostate/index.aspx

ISUD Evaluation

**

 

Name

 

Special features

The tables calculate the result of each patient based on the treatment offered

What does it calculate?

It calculates the probability of survival for one and two years later, in patients with metastatic carcinoma, and progression despite hormone therapy

Creator

Kattan

First publication

Smaletz O, Scher HI, Small EJ, Verbel DA, McMillan A, Regan K, Kelly WK, Kattan MW. Nomogram for overall survival of patients with progressive metastatic prostate cancer after castration J Clin Oncol 2002; 20(19): 32-82

References

161

Institution / name

 

Link

http://nomograms.mskcc.org/Prostate/index.aspx

ISUD Evaluation

**

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